This lesson, we continue with the final days of the life of Moses, our Teacher, may peace be upon him.
He closes with a speech and song to the Nation of Israel, the captains of the tribes, the elders, and the officers, along with all the men of Israel, the little ones, the wives, and the strangers in their camp, including converts( those not yet completed the Mikvah ceremony) and proselytes (modern day Noahides), from the woodcutters (idol carvers or modern day Rome 325/ aster worshippers ) to the water carriers( those rejected from conversion due to continued idolatries and sorcery practices).
Moses speaks about the covenant of the Lord HaShem The Blessed Holy One and His oath, not only with those present that day but also with those who are not present(surrounding earth inhabitants present time and future that would accept HaShem as G-d).
This occurs before his death and the entrance of the Nation of Israel into the Promised Land, fulfilling prophecies spoken thousands of years earlier to our Father Abraham.
This lesson we will review a of Deuteronomy Portion of the Bible Study.
The Psalmist said: “The earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof” (Pg. 24:1). Taking this statement literally, and deeming it appropriate to acknowledge the fruits of the earth as a gift from the Lord, the rabbis instituted the practice of reciting a benediction when partaking of any of them.
Hence, Judaism prescribes blessings to be said before and after eating, as well as before enjoying fragrant aromas, or upon seeing pleasing and awe-inspiring sights. In this way, the satisfaction of a physical craving is raised into the realm of the spirit. Eating becomes a religious act (Hertz, Daily Prayer Book, p. 961).
Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook elaborates this concept, explaining that physical enjoyment fulfills its purpose only if it serves at the same time as I vehicle for moral satisfaction, i.e., the acknowledgment of God in the world. A person who partakes of things without saying a blessing first, and uses them only for the satisfaction of physical needs, reduces the value of the thing enjoyed by not fulfilling its higher purpose in the world (Kook, ‘Olat Re’iyah, 1:345).
He further stresses that holiness rests in man’s seeking moral fulfillment even in physical pleasures. When man acknowledges God with a benediction, and thus recognizes God’s creation in whatever he enjoys, he will experience a heightened appreciation of God’s grace, lovingkindness, and wisdom which are present in all creation (ibid., p. 347).
According to the Talmud, even an undeserved curse by a scholar is effective (Mak. 11a), and an undeserved curse will fall back upon him who utters it (Sanh. 49a and Rashi, ad loc.). The biblical prohibitions of cursing were elaborated in rabbinic halakhah to comprise (1) The cursing of God (see *Blasphemy ). (2) The cursing of parents (Ex. 21:17; Lev. 20:9; cf. Prov. 20:20; 30:11; Sanh. 7:8). This prohibition applies to proselytes toward their unconverted parents (Maim. Yad, Mamrim, 5:11). (3) The cursing of judges and of the chiefs of the people: kings, heads of Sanhedrin, etc. (Ex. 22:27; Eccles. 10:20; Maim. Yad, Sanhedrin, 26:1). (4) The biblical prohibition of cursing the deaf (Lev. 19:14) was interpreted to include any poor, physically handicapped, or even any person in his absence (Sanh. 66a; Yad, loc. cit.). (5) The prohibition of cursing is extended to self-cursing (Shevu. 4:13; Yad, loc. cit.) (6) The cursing by a woman of her husband’s parents in his presence is a valid reason for divorcing her without the repayment of her *dowry as stipulated in the *ketubbah (“marriage contract”; Ket. 72a–b; Sh. Ar., EH 115:4). Cursing is permissible only when prompted by religious motives such as the cursing of those who are guilty of reprehensible actions (Men. 64b), or who mislead the people by calculating the date of the coming of the Messiah (meḥasehvei kiẓẓin; Sanh. 97b). While rabbinic ethics does not go to the length of the New Testament demand to “bless them that curse you…” (Luke 6:27), it disapproves of cursing in general and the Talmud quotes a popular proverb, “Be rather of the cursed than of the cursing” (Sanh. 49a). These ideas found their expression in the prayer cited in the Talmud (Ber. 17a) and said thrice daily at the conclusion of the *Amidah : “O my God, guard my tongue from evil and my lips from speaking guile; and to such as curse let my soul be dumb, yea, let my soul be unto all as the dust….”
The popular belief in the magical power of a curse, even if pronounced unintentionally, has led to the custom of reading the verses of the Bible, Leviticus 26:14–43 and Deuteronomy 28:15–68, called Tokheḥah (“chastisement”), in a low voice. Out of fear, people were reluctant to be called up to the Torah reading of these particular sections, so it became customary in some congregations to call for a volunteer (mi she-yirẓeh), or, when a beadle (shammash) was hired, it was agreed that it would be his duty to be called up for the reading of the Tokheḥah sections (see Isserles to Sh. Ar., OH 428:6). Some pious rabbis volunteered to read the Tokheḥah to prevent embarrassment to other people.
Almighty G-d Blessings Abraham….
Lech Lecha
יהוה said to Abram, “Go forth from your native land and from your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, And I will bless you; I will make your name great, And you shall be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you And curse the one who curses you; And all the families of the earth Shall bless themselves by you.”
Genesis /Bereshit 12
HaShem, The Blessed Holy One Blesses Isaac
After the death of Abraham, God blessed his son Isaac. And Isaac settled near Beer-lahai-roi.
Bereshit/Genesis 25:11
There was a famine in the land—aside from the previous famine that had occurred in the days of Abraham—and Isaac went to Abimelech, king of the Philistines, in Gerar. יהוה had appeared to him and said, “Do not go down to Egypt; stay in the land which I point out to you. Reside in this land, and I will be with you and bless you; I will assign all these lands to you and to your heirs, fulfilling the oath that I swore to your father Abraham. I will make your heirs as numerous as the stars of heaven, and assign to your heirs all these lands, so that all the nations of the earth shall bless themselves by your heirs— inasmuch as Abraham obeyed Me and kept My charge: My commandments, My laws, and My teachings.”
Bereshit/ Genesis 26
Isaac sowed in that land and reaped a hundredfold the same year. יהוה blessed him,
Bereshit Genesis 26:12
He moved from there and dug yet another well, and they did not quarrel over it; so he called it Rehoboth, saying, “Now at last יהוה has granted us ample space to increase in the land.”
Bereshit / Genesis 33:9
From there he went up to Beer-sheba. That night יהוה appeared to him and said, “I am the God of your father Abraham’s [house]. Fear not, for I am with you, and I will bless you and increase your offspring for the sake of My servant Abraham.” So he built an altar there and invoked יהוה by name. Isaac pitched his tent there and his servants started digging a well.
Bereshit/ Genesis 26:23-25
HaShem, Blesses Jacob and is taken as G-d of Israel
God said to Jacob, “Arise, go up to Bethel and remain there; and build an altar there to the God who appeared to you when you were fleeing from your brother Esau.”
So Jacob said to his household and to all who were with him, “Rid yourselves of the alien gods in your midst, purify yourselves, and change your clothes.
Come, let us go up to Bethel, and I will build an altar there to the God who answered me when I was in distress and who has been with me wherever I have gone.” They gave to Jacob all the alien gods that they had, and the rings that were in their ears, and Jacob buried them under the terebinth that was near Shechem.
As they set out, a terror from God fell on the cities round about, so that they did not pursue the sons of Jacob. Thus Jacob came to Luz—that is, Bethel—in the land of Canaan, he and all the people who were with him.
There he built an altar and named the site El-bethel, for it was there that God had been revealed to him when he was fleeing from his brother. Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, died, and was buried under the oak below Bethel; so it was named Allon-bacuth. God appeared again to Jacob on his arrival from Paddan-aram. God blessed him, saying to him, “You whose name is Jacob, You shall be called Jacob no more, But Israel shall be your name.” Thus he was named Israel.
And God said to him, “I am El Shaddai. Be fertile and increase; A nation, yea an assembly of nations, Shall descend from you. Kings shall issue from your loins.
The land that I assigned to Abraham and Isaac I assign to you; And to your offspring to come Will I assign the land.” God parted from him at the spot where [God] had spoken to him; and Jacob set up a pillar at the site where [God] had spoken to him, a pillar of stone, and he offered a libation on it and poured oil upon it. Jacob gave the site, where God had spoken to him, the name of Bethel.
Bereshit/ Genesis 35 1-15
Isaac was the only legitimate son of Abraham, but Jacob was not the only legitimate son of Isaac. So why did G-d in His glorious wisdom choose Isaac to receive the blessing of Abraham and not Esau?
Some say it’s because Jacob, stole the Blessing from Esau. Others say the reason why G-d, chose Jacob, and not Esau, is because of the whole lentil soup incident. I however believe that there are several different possible reasons.
Torah is based on deeds, not emotions or finances, nor genital parts or supposed elite pedigree. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, though not perfect persons, were willing to acknowledge G-d and pledge servitude to Him alone.
Abraham rejected a great family lineage of idolatry. Isaac rejected anger, frustration, and acting impulsively.
Jacob rejected deceit, arrogance, bitterness, victimhood, treachery, and murder.
These three patriarchs of Judaism in the Nation of Israel, through their willful hearts, minds, bodies, and souls, fulfilled the first ten Commandments that G-d would later reveal, after another great falling away had taken place, to Moses our Teacher.
Exodus/ Shemos 20
God spoke all these words, saying: I יהוה am your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, the house of bondage: You shall have no other gods besides Me. You shall not make for yourself a sculptured image, or any likeness of what is in the heavens above, or on the earth below, or in the waters under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them. For I your God יהוה am an impassioned God, visiting the guilt of the parents upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generations of those who reject Me. but showing kindness to the thousandth generation of those who love Me and keep My commandments. You shall not swear falsely by the name of your God יהוה; for יהוה will not clear one who swears falsely by God’s name. Remember the sabbath day and keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a sabbath of your God יהוה: you shall not do any work—you, your son or daughter, your male or female slave, or your cattle, or the stranger who is within your settlements. For in six days יהוה made heaven and earth and sea—and all that is in them—and then rested on the seventh day; therefore יהוה blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it. Honor your father and your mother, that you may long endure on the land that your God יהוה is assigning to you. You shall not murder. You shall not commit adultery. You shall not steal. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house: you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or male or female slave, or ox or ass, or anything that is your neighbor’s.
Please, my friends, don’t mistake me… I am in no way suggesting that the Torah has not always existed. Nor am I suggesting that the Torah was not used to create, by the order of The Blessed Holy One, everything that has been and will ever be created by Him. What I am merely pointing out is the first time the Ten Commandments were written, as being introduced to an entire grand nation rather than just creation or an individual or just a family or tribe.
We spoke about an escalation of force. Now we are going to speak about an escalation of blessings, based on deed and merits.
The fourth of the Ten Commandments proclaims: “Remember the Shabbat Day to keep it holy.” At the beginning of the Shabbat there has to be Kiddush: an act of separation, of consecration, emphasizing the difference between the work-days of the week and the holy day, which enables the soul to move into a state of inner tranquility and spiritual receptiveness. In addition to the words of consecration, in Judaism there is a general principle that, to as great an extent as possible, abstract events or processes and all pertaining to them are bound up with specifics and definite actions. Thus, the Kiddush consecration is also connected with the drinking of wine, which, in turn, becomes part of a ceremony and, in turn, is associated with the Shabbat wine sacrifices of the Holy Temple.After one has poured most of the wine into the cup, a little water, symbolizing grace and love, is added…
The Kiddush cup symbolizes the vessel through which, and into which, blessing comes. The numerical value of the letters in the word for drinking cup [in Hebrew, “kos“, spelled kaf, vav, samech = 86 ] is the same as that of the letters in that name of G‑d which expresses divine revelation in the world, in nature, in law – the name Elokim. And into the cup is poured the bounty, the wine that represents the power of the blessing of the word “wine” [in Hebrew “yayin“, spelled yud, yud, nun] whose numerical equivalent is seventy, which is also the number particular to Shabbat Eve.
Wine then evokes the bounty, the great plentitude and power; and red wine especially expresses a certain aspect of the sefira of gevura, which also has an aspect of severity and justice. Thus after one has poured most of the wine into the cup, a little water, symbolizing grace and love, is added to create the right mixture, or harmony, between chesed and gevura.
I am the tulip of the Sharon; the daffodil of the vallies.
Like the lily among thorns, so is my love among the daughters.
Like the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons. I sat down under his shadow with great delight, and his fruit was sweet to my taste.
He brought me to the banqueting house, and his banner over me was love.
Let me lean against the stout trunks, let me couch among the apple trees: for I am sick with love.
His left hand is under my head, and his right hand embraces me.
I charge you, O daughters of Yerushalayim, by the gazelles, and by the hinds of the field, that you stir not up, nor awake my love, till it please.
The voice of my beloved! behold, he comes leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills.
My beloved is like a gazelle or a young hart: behold, he stands behind our wall, he looks in at the windows; he peers through the lattice.
My beloved spoke, and said to me, Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away.
For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone;
the flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing bird is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land;
the fig tree puts forth her green figs, and the vines in blossom give their scent. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away.
O my dove, who art in the clefts of the rock, in the secret places of the cliff, let me see thy countenance, let me hear thy voice; for sweet is thy voice, and thy countenance is comely.
Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vineyards: for our vineyards are in blossom.
My beloved is mine, and I am his: he feeds among the lilies.
Before the day cools, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of Beter.
Now in this Bible Study will we read about the Blessings G-d gave to Moses and to a Nation. based of the merits and deeds of our Fathers…
an escalation of Blessings based off merits
And Moshe said to the Lord, See, thou sayst to me, Bring up this people: and thou hast not let me know whom thou wilt send with me. Yet thou hast said, I know thee by name, and thou hast also found favour in my sight.
Now therefore, I pray thee, if I have found favour in thy sight, show me now thy way, that I may know thee, that I may find favour in thy sight: and consider that this nation is thy people.
And he said, My presence shall go with thee, and I will give thee rest.
And he said to him, If thy presence go not with me, carry us not up from here.
For in what shall it be known here that I and thy people have found favour in thy sight? is it not in that thou goest with us? so shall we be differentiated, I and thy people, from all the people that are upon the face of the earth.
And the Lord said to Moshe, I will do this thing also that thou hast spoken: for thou hast found favour in my sight, and I know thee by name.
And he said, I pray thee, show me thy glory.
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the name of the Lord before thee; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.
And he said, Thou canst not see my face; for no man shall see me, and live.
And the Lord said, Behold, there is a place by me, and thou shalt stand upon a rock:
and it shall come to pass, while my glory passes by, that I will put thee in a cleft of the rock, and will cover thee with my hand while I pass by:
and I will take away my hand and thou shalt see my back: but my face shall not be seen.
34
And the Lord said to Moshe, Hew for thyself two tablets of stone like the first: and I will write upon these tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which thou didst break.
And be ready in the morning, and come up in the morning to mount Sinay, and present thyself there to me on the top of the mountain.
And no man shall come up with thee, neither let any man be seen throughout all the mountain; neither let the flocks nor herds feed before that mountain.
And he hewed two tablets of stone like the first; and Moshe rose up early in the morning, and went up to mount Sinay, as the Lord had commanded him, and took in his hand the two tablets of stone.
And the Lord descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the Lord.
And the Lord passed by before him, and proclaimed, The Lord, The Lord, mighty, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in love and truth,
keeping troth to thousands, forgiving iniquity, and transgression, and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty; punishing the iniquity of the fathers on the children, and on the children’s children, to the third and to the fourth generation.
And Moshe made haste, and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshipped.
And he said, If now I have found favour in thy sight, O Lord, let my Lord, I pray thee, go among us; for it is a stiffnecked people; and pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for thy inheritance.
And he said, Behold, I make a covenant: before all thy people I will do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation: and all the people among whom thou art shall see the work of the Lord that I will do with thee, that it is tremendous.
Observe thou that which I command thee this day: behold, I drive out before thee the Emori, and the Kena῾ani, and the Ḥitti, and the Perizzi, and the Ḥivvi, and the Yevusi.
Take heed to thyself, lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land to which thou goest, lest it be for a snare in the midst of thee:
but you shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their asherim:
for thou shalt worship no other god: for the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God:
lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go astray after their gods, and do sacrifice to their gods, and call thee, and thou eat of their sacrifice;
and thou take of their daughters to thy sons, and their daughters play the harlot after their gods, and make thy sons play the harlot after their gods.
Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.
33:12-34:17 Exodus/Shemos
Let’s continue on..
What to expect this Bible Study. We have not returned to a full schedule, but I would like to ease into Season 6…..therefore we will be calling this part of the Season 5.5… hahahahahaha!It will not be a full schedule, but at least we have the warm up, because summer isn’t hot enough… right?!?!
Currently I am reading on my own Shabbat time the Book of Isaiah. I found a video that might explain the Book of Isaiah more clearly than I might. To be quite honest… I am finding the Book of Isaiah difficult to not only understand, but retain. I do enjoy reading and understanding what I am currently able, but there is not a doubt in my mind I will need more in depth instruction on this book.
But, once we get rockin and rollin……
We will continue to increase in our intro Hebrew vocabulary, intro Hebrew terminology, Tanakh (the actual …. Jewish Bible.. that means no “new testament”) introduction, and Torah Spiritual Teaching.(Moving on to the Bible Study section)
Blessings of the Torah:
Why Blessings of the Torah?: Before we begin the Study of the Torah a Blessing is done. In saying the Blessing we are for filling a mitzvah and Blessing HaShem, of Glory and Truth’s beautiful Torah.
A Mitzvah is defined basically as:
A commandment of the Jewish law.
The fulfillment of such a commandment.
A worthy deed.
I, say these Blessings every morning during my morning prayers. And, to ensure I am not leading others into to improper practices, I want to ensure I repeat the Blessings of HaShem, Our Merciful Father’s Torah just incase others may not have yet had a chance today.
Blessing of the Torah: Blessed are You, HaShem our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to be engrossed in the words of Torah. HaShem our God, please make the words of Your Torah pleasant in our mouths and in the mouths of Your people Israel. And may we and our descendants [and the descendants of our descendants] and the descendants of Your people the House of Israel, all know Your Name and be students of Your Torah for its own sake. Blessed are You, HaShem Who teaches Torah to His people, Israel. Blessed are You, HaShem our God, King of the Universe Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, HaShem, Giver of the Torah!
Blessing before the reading of the Torah: Bor’chu es ado-noy ha-m’voroch. Bless the L-rd who is blessed. Congregation and Oleh say: Boruch ado-noy ha-m’voroch l’olom vo-ed. Blessed be the L-rd who is blessed for all eternity. Oleh continues: Boruch atoh ado-noy elo-haynu melech ho-olom, asher bochar bonu mikol ha-amim, v’nosan lonu es toroso. Boruch atoh ado-noy, nosayn ha-toroh. Blessed are You, L-rd our G‑d, King of the universe, who has chosen us from among all the nations and given us His Torah. Blessed are You L-rd, who gives the Torah.
And this is the blessing that Moshe, the man [prophet] of God, blessed Bnei Yisroel before his death. He said: ‘‘Adonoy came [was revealed] from Sinai, [His glory] radiated forth to them from Seir, appeared [to us in His might] from Mount Paran He came with part of the sacred myriads; from [the writing of] His right [hand]—[from the midst of] the flaming [flame He gave the] Torah law [to us]. He also cherished the nations—all of their sacred ones are in Your keeping; for they were gathered in at Your feet and accepted the burden of Your word. [He even loved the tribes, the holy ones of the house of Israel, He mightily led them out of Egypt, and they are conducted under the ““cloud,” led by Your word.]
verses 1-3
Commentary:
Moses begins a beautiful song of the History of the Nation of Israel in the above verses. Why a song? Why not just speak, shout, yell, scream, or fear-monger the words of Israel’s history in an attempt to force the fear of G-d upon a stiff neck people?
Free will and choice.
Sing me a song…. my love
Music has frequencies. Music is rhythmic math. Music allows the development of the forever memory phase to quickly occur in a student or an individual instructed in music. Music is multidimensional. In every culture and society, there is some form of music, whether verbal, instrumental, percussion, or a mixture thereof. Music, similar to body language and math, is a universal language.
For those who are interested in learning to read Hebrew, I encourage others to check out this free course online.
And did you know???!!!???!?!?!?
Below, I found an interesting article. I am not a biologist…lol #toosoon, or scientist, but from reading the article, I found the information interesting. That being said, please read with a grain of salt, caution, and always consider the sources. There are many sources out there. Always ask Almighty God for direction and to guide you, and you will be led to the source that you are meant to learn from. This is one of my personal many practice and belief.
Some verses that speak about songs, singing, and repetition.
Jeremiah 33:2-3 Thus says the Lord the maker of it, the Lord that formed it, to establish it; the Lord is his name; Call to me, and I will answer thee, and show thee great and mighty things, which thou knowst not.
Genesis 41:33 Now Pharaoh should seek a man of understanding and wisdom, and place him in charge of the land of Egypt.
And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven; it is a sore task that God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised therewith.
I turned about, and applied my heart to know and to search out, and to seekwisdom and the reason of things, and to know wickedness to be folly, and foolishness to be madness;
Pieces I considered necessary for researching Hebrew letters and musical notes:
An understanding of the natural laws of musical harmonics (overtones series)
Historical musical practices and writings from the time prior to the “birth of Christ” in the near east. This includes the “Old Testament” of the Bible.
Music history in general.
The ability to read music well and understand the important factors of music theory.
A good understanding of the historical practices behind concert pitch.
Temperament – What is it? How does it work? How has is affected musical history? Temperament also refers to tuning, how it was done, and how people dealt with this difficult issue.
If there are patterns, pay attention!
Look for connections between music, nature, math, science, etc.; basically, anything that connects.
Hebrew gematria – how it’s used, why it’s important, and how it all adds up (math).
I found it important to look for patterns first and foremost. It required delving a bit deeper into music history, theory, temperament, concert pitch, and tuning before I saw some of those patterns. I experimented with every form of gematria, thinking that I had to be missing something when nothing made sense. I knew to move on when a pattern or natural law couldn’t be found.
Everything in music is based off the harmonic series. There are natural harmonic laws that are a part of the world around us, just like the law of gravity affects everything on earth. We’re bound by those laws whether we like it or not. It’s important to consider natural laws when looking for answers. This is one of the reasons I disagree with what some say (historically and musically) concerning the solfeggio frequencies. They don’t fall into the natural laws of harmonics. In order to assign those numbers (396, 417, 528, 639, 741, 852, etc.) as musical frequencies, they should follow the natural laws of harmonics. Since they don’t, I think they’re something other than musical frequencies. That being said, anyone can pick any musical frequency and create music with it. When mixed with intent, it’s a musical recipe created for a specific purpose. Most musicians that use the solfeggio frequencies, use them for the intent of creating healing music.
For those who would enjoy another source of reference of example as there are an abundance there of…. I have found this wonderful video. I pray others might enjoy.
The Torah which Moshe commanded [gave] us, is the [transmitted as a] heritage of the congregation of Yaakov. There was a king in Yeshurun [Yisroel], at the gathering of the counting. the tribes of Yisroel together. May Reuvein live and let him not die, and may his constituency be counted. [May Reuvein live forever, and a second death he shall not die. His children will receive their inheritance according to their numbers.]
Reuvein/ Reuben (Heb. רְאוּבֵן), firstborn son of Jacob and Leah (Gen. 29:32; 46:8), and the eponymous ancestor of the tribe of Reuben. The biblical derivation of the name is not etymological, but was given by Leah because it suggested the verb raʾah, “to see” and the fact that YHWH had seen, i.e., taken note of, Leah’s sorrow, and the noun ben, “son” (Gen. 9:32; in Ant. I: xix, 8 Josephus gives the name as Reubel). The attribution of primogeniture to Reuben may indicate that, originally Reuben headed the confederation of Israelite *tribes. He is mentioned first in the listing of the twelve (Gen. 46:8–23; Ex. 6:14–16; Num. 1:5–15, 20–42), and he enjoys a prominent position in the traditions of Israelite history prior to the conquest of Canaan in connection with the sale of Joseph (Gen. 37:21–22, 29–30; 42:22, 37) and rebellion against the leadership of Moses (Num. 16). The change that took place in the standing of the tribe is attributed to a sin of its ancestor; see Genesis 49:3–4;; and Genesis 35:21–22 for the incident to which they allude. In Genesis 49:3–4, Jacob rebukes Reuben for “mounting his (Jacob’s) couch,” by sleeping with Bilhah, Jacob’s concubine, and curses him with the words paḥaz kamayim al totar, conventionally translated “unstable as water may you not be preeminent.” This is interpreted by I Chronicles 5:1 to mean that Reuben lost his pre-eminent status as the first born. During the period of conquest and occupation, the tribe of Reuben lost the hegemony to the tribe of Joseph, which grew so that it split into the two tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh, and it was Joshua from the tribe of Ephraim who led the conquest of the land; while in the period of the monarchy, it was the tribe of Judah that was of prime importance. At one time the tribe of Reuben must have been in danger of extinction, since Deuteronomy 33 has only one short verse on it, and that, a prayer for its survival (Deut. 33:6). A further indication of Reuben’s troubles is provided by the more likely construal: paḥaz, ka-mayim al totar, to be translated, “wanton, like water nothing shall be left over of you” (for the thought, cf. II Sam. 14:14). It is probably no accident that no judges came from the tribe of Reuben, and still less that it is not mentioned in the *Mesha inscription though Gad is. The tribe, like that of *Simeon, remained semi-nomadic, subsisting principally from sheep-raising (Num. 32:1). Deborah reprimanded Reuben for not taking part in the war against Jabin and Sisera, choosing rather to “tarry among the sheepfolds, to hear the piping for the flocks” (Judg. 5:15–16).
Now this for Yehudah and he said, ‘‘Adonoy, hear the voice of Yehudah, and bring him to his people; May his hands fight his battles and may You provide assistance against his enemies.’’ [And this is for Yehudah, and he said: Accept, Hashem, the prayers of Yehudah when he goes out to wage war, and return his nation in peace. Let his hand bring calamity upon his enemies, and be for him a help against his enemies.]
The name Judah comes from the Hebrew word for gratitude. Leah gave birth to Judah and said “Now I will praise God” (Genesis 30:35) It was his idea to sell his brother Joseph to a Midianite slave trader rather than leave him to die in the pit (Genesis 37:27). He later became the spokesman for his father Jacob and his brothers when they traveled to Egypt during the famine in Canaan. He marries Shua, a Canaanite woman, and has three sons: Er, Onan, and Shelah. Judah is also involved with Tamar and has twin sons with her named Perez and Zerach.
The tribe of Judah inhabited Jerusalem during the reign of its kings David and Solomon and was later the kingdom of all of the southern tribes of Israel.
And regarding Levi he said, ‘‘Your tumim and Your urim [You have clothed] to Your pious man [the man who was found to be pious before You]; whom You tried with tests [and was found whole (worthy)], You brought him strife at the waters of Merivah [and was found faithful]. He who said of his father and his mother, ‘I did not see them,‘ and his brothers he did not recognize and his sons he did not know; for they observed Your command and kept Your covenant. [On his father and his mother he showed no mercy if they were (found) guilty by law, nor did he ““recognize” his brothers or children, for they guarded the charge of Your word and did not alter Your covenant.] They shall [are worthy to] teach Your law to Yaakov and Your Torah to Yisroel; let them place [fragrant] incense before You and totally consumed offerings on Your altar [willingly]; Adonoy, bless his wealth and accept his handiwork [the offerings of his hand accept willingly]; shatter his adversaries at the loins and his enemies, so that they may not arise.’’
Third son of Jacob and Leah and father of the tribe of Levi, from whom the Levites are descended. The tribe of Levi is one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Since Leah had already given Jacob two sons, she said “Now my husband will be joined with me” (Genesis 30:34). The Levites were distinguished as servants to God because of their refusal to worship to Golden Calf (Exodus 32: 26-29). Levi’s own three sons, Gerhson, Kahath and Merari, become Temple servants. After Levi’s sister Dinah was raped by Shechem, he and his brother Simeon destroyed the entire town. Levi was later involved in the plot to sell his brother Joseph into slavery.
Shim῾on and Levi are brothers; instruments of cruelty are their swords.
Let my soul not come into their council; to their assembly let my honour not be united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they lamed an ox.
Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Ya῾aqov, and scatter them in Yisra᾽el.
Regarding Binyomin he said, ‘‘Adonoy’s friend, let him live secure with Him; He hovers protectively [a shield] over him throughout the day, and He resides between his shoulders [and in his land the Shechinah will dwell].’’
Originally named Ben-oni, or “son of my affliction” by his mother as she lay dying in labor, his name was later changed to Benjamin, meaning “son of my right hand” (Genesis 48:14). Next to Joseph, he was his favorite son. Benjamin the twelfth son of Jacob and born after Joseph was sold into slavery. After the family was invited to Egypt, Joseph sabatoged Benjamin’s sack by putting a silver cup in it and accusing the brothers of stealing. Joseph thought Benjamin would remain in Egypt but Judah offered to take his place, saying that his father would be devastated if Benjamin did not return. Jacob later blesses Benjamin while on his deathbed, calling Benjamin “a vicious wolf, devouring the prey in the morning, and dividing the spoil at night” (Genesis 49:27).
The tribe of Benjamin settled in central Israel, a plot that included the cities of Jericho and Jerusalem.
And regarding Yoseif he said, ‘‘Blessed by [before] Adonoy is his land; with the [producing the] delight of heaven, from dew, and the [wellsprings and] deep waters that lie [flow from the depths of the earth] below. With [it produces] the delight[s] of the sun’s harvest; and with the delight of the moon’s ripening [from month to month]. With the first fruits of the early mountains [tops] and from the sweetness of the perennial hills. And from the sweetness [best] of earth and its fullness, and the favor of the One [Shechinah] who resides in [heavens and appeared to Moshe in] the thornbush; let [all of] this be visited upon Yoseif’s head, and upon the head of the one [man] set apart from his brothers. His firstborn ox, glory to him, and re’em’s horns are his horns, with which he will gore together peoples to the ends of the earth; and they are Ephraim’s myriads, and they are Menasheh’s thousands.’’ [The greatness of his children will be his beauty, and the mighty things [miracles] done for him from before the Almighty and Most High, with his might he will slay nations as one to the ends of the earth. They are the myriads of the house of Ephraim and they are the thousands of the house of Menasheh.]
The biblical Joseph was the 11th son of Jacob. He was born to Jacob’s favorite wife, Rachel, in Paddan-Aram after she had been barren for seven years. Joseph fathered two of the twelve tribes of Israel: Ephraim and Manasseh. Information about Joseph is found in Genesis chapters 37-50.
At the age of 17, Joseph was a shepherd alongside his brothers. Jacob loved Joseph more than he loved his other sons. Joseph would report his brothers’ misdeeds to his father and Jacob gave Joseph a “coat of many colors.” The other brothers were jealous of Joseph and hated him. Joseph only further provoked this hatred when he told his brothers about two of his dreams. In the first, sheaves of wheat belonging to his brothers bowed to his own sheaf. In the second, the son, moon, and 11 stars bowed to him.
One day, Jacob sent Joseph to Shechem to check on his brothers. Joseph went to Shechem and, when his brothers were not there, followed them to Dothan. When the brothers saw him, they plotted to kill him and throw him into a pit. The oldest brother, Reuben, suggested that they merely throw Joseph into the pit, so Reuben could secretly save Joseph later. When Joseph approached, the brothers took his coat and threw him into the pit. They sat down to eat and saw a caravan of Ishmaelite traders from Gilead in the distance. Judah came up with the idea to sell Joseph into slavery. Joseph was sold for 20 pieces of silver. The brothers then dipped his coat into the blood of a slaughtered goat and brought it back to Jacob. Jacob recognized the coat and concluded that a beast had killed his son. He mourned for many days and was inconsolable.
Meanwhile, the traders took Joseph down to Egypt where Potiphar, an officer and head of the kitchen of Pharaoh, bought him. Joseph was successful there and Potiphar made Joseph his personal attendant, putting him in charge of the entire household.
Fast forward the story……
After Jacob had lived in Egypt for 17 years, he called Joseph to him and made him swear that when Jacob died, Joseph would not bury him in Egypt, but would take him to the burial place of his fathers. Joseph swore to this. Soon after, Joseph was told that his father was sick. He brought his two sons to Jacob. Jacob assured Joseph that he would consider Ephraim and Manasseh to be his sons just like Reuben and Simeon were when it came to the inheritance that God had promised Jacob’s offspring. Jacob then blessed Ephraim and Manasseh. Although Manasseh was the first-born, Jacob put his right hand, the stronger hand, on Ephraim’s head. When Joseph corrected him, Jacob said he did it on purpose and predicted that Ephraim would surpass Manasseh in greatness. Jacob told Joseph that he was about to die, but reassured him that God would be with him. He also assigned him an extra portion of his inheritance, a privilege usually given to the first-born.
Jacob blessed all of his sons, giving the longest blessing to Joseph. He instructed them to bury him in the cave of Machpelah, and then he died. Joseph flung himself at his father, cried and kissed him. Joseph then ordered his physicians to embalm Jacob. The Egyptians mourned for 70 days. Joseph received permission to go to Canaan to bury Jacob. He took his brothers and his father’s household, along with all of Pharaoh’s officials and dignitaries, and left Egypt in a large group. When they came to Goren ha-Atad, he observed a seven-day mourning period. Joseph and his brothers then continued to the cave of Machpelah where they buried Jacob. They then returned to Egypt.
Once Jacob was dead, the brothers were scared that Joseph would take revenge on them for selling him. They sent a message to Joseph saying that before his death Jacob had instructed them to tell Joseph to forgive them. They then offered to be his slaves. Joseph reassured them, saying that God intended for Joseph to go down to Egypt to ensure the survival of many people, and Joseph would take care of them and their children. So Joseph, his brothers and his father’s household remained in Egypt.
Joseph lived 110 years. He saw great-grandchildren from both his sons. Before he died, he told his brothers that God would one day bring them up from Egypt into the land that God promised their fathers. He made them swear to carry his bones out of Egypt into that land. Joseph died and was embalmed and put in a coffin in Egypt.
When the Jews eventually left Egypt, Moses carried out Joseph’s bones. Joseph was buried in Shechem, on a piece of land that Jacob had previously bought. Joseph’s two sons both became tribes in Israel and the northern Israelite kingdom is many times referred to as the “House of Joseph.”
Ephraim was the brother of Manasseh and the son of Joseph and Asenath, a woman whom was given to Joseph as a gift from the Pharaoh.
Jacob adopted the two sons as part of the tribe of Simeon and Reuben. Ephraim received the blessing of the firstborn, although Manasseh was the eldest, because Jacob foresaw that Ephraim’s ancestors would be greater than his brother’s (Genesis 48:13-20).
The tribe of Ephraim settled in central Israel, stretching from just west of the Jordan River to the central coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
Manasseh was the son of Joseph and Asnat (who was given to Joseph as a gift from the Pharaoh) and brother of Ephraim.
Jacob adopts both Manasseh and his brother Ephraim as part of the tribe of Simeon and Reuben. Although Manasseh was technically the eldest son, he does not receive the greater blessing. Ephraim does, as Jacob foresaw that his descendants were more worthy of the blessing than Manasseh’s (Genesis 48:13-20).
The tribe of Manasseh settled across the largest territory in Israel, stretching from the Jordan River across to the Mediterranean Sea. Half of the tribe settled east of the Jordan River but agreed to join the rest of the people in the war against the Philistines.
Yosef is a fruitful bough, a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:
the archers fiercely attacked him, and shot at him, and hated him:
but his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made supple by the hands of the mighty God of Ya῾aqov; (from thence from the shepherd, the Stone of Yisra᾽el:)
by the God of thy father, Who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, Who shall bless thee, with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that couches beneath, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:
the blessings of thy father are potent above the blessings of my progenitors to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Yosef, and on the crown of the head of him that was separated from his brothers.
And regarding Zevulun he said, ‘‘Rejoice Zevulun at your departure; and Yissachar in your tents [Rejoice Zevulun when you go out to wage war on your enemies, and Yissachar when you go to calculate the times of the Festivals in Yerushalayim.]. Peoples [tribes of Israel] shall assemble at the mountain [of the Beis Hamikdosh]—there will they slaughter righteous [sacred] offerings [for good will]; for by the streaming of the sea they shall be nurtured [they will consume the wealth of nations] and the hidden treasures of sand [will be revealed to them].’’
When he was born Leah said “God has provided me with a good dowry” (Hebrew: zvad). He was part of the plot to sell Joseph into slavery, and later one of the group sent to Egypt to buy corn. He later lived in Egypt with his three sons Sered, Elon and Jahleel. Zebulun received the blessing from Jacob of: “Zebulun shall settle the seashores; he will be a harbour for ships; his border shall reach Sidon (Genesis 49:13). The tribe of Zebulun inhabited the northern land of Canaan. Both the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun are mentioned as brave soldiers in the Song of Deborah during the battle against Sisera (Judges 5:18).
The tribe of Zebulun settled to the west of the tribe of Issachar, in the middle of the Galilee.
One interpretation of his name is “man of reward” (Hebrew: shcar). Issachar was the product of the mandrake incident (Genesis 30:9-18) and was involved in the plot to sell his brother Joseph into slavery. Issachar settled in Egypt after the famine in Canaan and had four sons: Tolah, Puvvah, Yov and Shimron. He receives a blessing from his father Jacob that he “bends his back to the load, working like a slave” (Genesis 49:14-15). The descendants of Issachar are men of learning according to Jewish tradition.
The tribe of Issachar settled east of the Jordan River just below the Sea of Galilee.
And regarding Gad he said, ‘‘Blessed is the One who broadens [increases] Gad; He lairs like a lion then rips the arm with the head [and he will kill rulers and kings]. He saw the foremost for himself, [he received (his portion of land) first,] for there [in his inheritance, is Moshe] the great scribe’s burial plot is concealed; he marched [and rose] at the head of the people, he acted righteously [with merit] before Adonoy and His laws with Yisroel.’’
His mother was Zilpah, Jacob’s concubine and Leah’s slave. Gad’s name comes from the Hebrew word troop. Leah named him Gad, saying “A troop is coming.” He was part of the plot to sell Joseph to Egypt and later sent to Egypt to buy corn during the famine in Canaan. Gad later moved to Egypt and lived there with his seven sons. Jacob blessed Gad on his deathbed, saying: “Raiders will raid Gad, but he will raid at their heel” (Genesis 49:19).
The tribe of Gad settled on the eastern bank of the Jordan River in the Gilead region and agreed to join the other tribes in the war against the Philistines.
And regarding Don he said, ‘‘Don is [mighty as] a lion cub, bounding from Bashan [his territory is watered by the streams that flow from Masnon].’’ And regarding Naftoli he said, ‘‘Naftoli’s desire is satisfied and he is full of blessing [from before] Adonoy; occupy the sea [west of the Sea of Ginosar] and its southern coast!’’
Naptali was the son of Jacob and Rachel’s maidservant Bilhah and the father of the tribe of Naphtali, one of the twelve tribes of Israel.
The tribe of Naphtali settled in northern Canaan and were described as brave soldiers in the Song of Deborah (Judges 5:18). Naphtali’s blessing from his father called him “a running deer” (Genesis 49:21). Naphtali was given his name because Rachel said “With great wrestlings have I wrestled my sister” (Genesis 30:8).
Dan was one of the brothers involved in the plot to sell his brother Joseph into slavery. Later, Dan’s father Jacob sent him to Egypt to buy corn during the severe famine in Canaan. Dan receives a blessing from Jacob that “Dan shall judge his people” (Genesis 49:16). Similarly, one explanation of the name Dan is that when Rachel was convinced that she was unable to have children, she cried “God has judged me” (Genesis 30:5). The region of Dan in the Book of Judges is located in the far north of Canaan and referred to early in Genesis during Abraham‘s chasing of Chedorlaomer (Genesis 14:14).
The tribe of Dan also settled in the southern part of the country and since the tribal territory covered both northern and southern parts of the country the expression “from Dan to Beer-sheba” indicates the entire span of the Israelite land.
How did Jacob Bless Dan and Naftoli?
Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Yisra᾽el.
Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that bites the horse’s heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.
I wait for thy salvation, O Lord.
Naftali is a hind let loose: he gives goodly words.
And regarding Asher he said, ‘‘May Asher be blessed with [the blessing of] sons; he shall be favored by his brothers and immerse his foot in oil [and be nourished with the delicacies of kings].’’ Your locks are [mighty as] iron and copper; As the days [of your youth], so may be your declining days [your might]. [There is no] God is incomparable—Yeshurun [as the God of Yisrael Whose Shechinah in the heaven is your help]; He who straddles the firmament in your aid and, in His pride, [might is in] the high heavens.
His mother was Zilpah, Leah’s maidservant. Leah named him Asher, saying “Happy am I” (Genesis 30:13). Asher played a role in the plot to sell his brother Joseph into slavery. Asher and his four sons and daughter later settled in Egypt. Jacob blessed Asher on his deathbed, saying: “From Asher will come the richest food; he will provide the king’s delights” (Genesis 49:20)
The tribe of Asher settled along the northern Mediterranean coast of Israel, as far north as the city of Tyre.
How did Jacob Bless Asher?
Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties.
As the dwelling of the eternal God [Whose word originally created the world], and beneath are the world’s strong-armed; He banished the enemy from your presence and said, ‘Destroy.’ Yisroel lived securely, as individuals like [the blessing that] Yaakov [your forefather blessed] in a land of [producing] grain and wine; even its skies [above them] shall drip dew. You are fortunate, Yisroel, who can compare to you—a people saved by [from before] Adonoy, the shield [might] of your aid and who [provides the victory of] the sword of your glory [from before Him comes the victory of your powerful]; and your enemies will prevaricate to you, while you tread on their high places [the necks of their kings].’’
Commentary:
Who was Israels’ most wicked King and Most Righteous?
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This is why I love history… everything coming together?! Let’s take a look.
Events listed did not necessarily happen at the year listed, rather on or in-between that date and the next.
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
1-2000
2000 years of tohu vavohu – null and void
Creation, Flood, Babel
1948
Birth of Abraham in Ur Chasdim, or Ur of the ChaldeasCenter of Sumerian culture.
Early Bronze AgeNoachide Laws, Chaldean and Sumerian Culture
1812
1951
Abraham begins to doubt idols, and search for truth
Ziggurats of Ur
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
2000
Beginning of the 2000 years of Torah
1760
2000
Abraham and Sarah start teaching Torah. Beginnings of monotheism as a way of life
Code of Hammurabi
1760
20352048
Birth of Ishmael – son of Abraham and HagarBirth of Isaac. Circumcision of Abraham and his family
1712
2085
Akeidat Yitzchak. The Binding and Near Sacrifice of Isaac.Isaac and Rebecca. Jacob and Esau. Blessings and Birthright.
2108
Jacob, Rachel & Leah, 12 Sons = 12 Tribes. Transition from being a family to being a nation. Jacob fights with the angel and is given the name Israel, Yisrael
Hyksos, Shepherd kings, invade Egypt.
1652
2199
Joseph is sold by his brothers and is taken to Egypt.Eventually due to his dream interpretations he becomes the Viceroy of Egypt – Ztaphenat Phaneach
Hyksos driven out of Egypt.
1561 1567
2238
Entry into Egypt by the 70 members of the family of Jacob Settlement in the Land of Goshen – Shepherds
18th Dynasty
1522
2331
Enslavement begins with the death of the last of the 12 sons of Jacob, Levi. Birth of Miriam. Amram, Levi’s grandson marries Yocheved, Levi’s daughter. They have 3 children Miriam, Aaron and Moses (Batya, daughter of Pharaoh finds Moses in Nile and brings him up in Pharaoh’s palace)
Thutmose IV? Pitom (Tanis) & Ramses
1429
2368
Moses – Moshe – 5 levels of test before he is chosen as a prophet at the Burning Bush 1. Leaving palace to identify with brothers 2. Saving Jew from Egyptian oppression 3. Saving one Jew from another 4. Saving one stranger from another stranger. Justice, mercy and humility. 5. Brings water to sheep.
1392
2448
Exodus, Desert Plagues, Red Sea, Manna, Clouds of Glory, Well of Miriam.
Thutmose III?
1312
2448
Revelation at Mt. Sinai. Written & Oral Laws given to the entire Jewish people – 3,000,000 prophets.. Moses’ prophecy and authority confirmed by personal experience of every Jew; therefore no prophets or miracles etc. may challenge laws received at Sinai. – Bava Metzia 59a – “Not in heaven.” Golden calf (replacement of Moses, not G-d!) Yom Kippur – atonement, Teshuvah, 2nd tablets. 12 spies & lack of faith – decree – 9th of Av.
1312
2488
Moses write 13 scrolls of the complete Torah and gives one to each tribe, and puts one in the Holy Ark.Death of Moses outside of Israel – burial place unknown
1273
2489
Joshua – disciple of Moses becomes the leader of the Jewish people. First ordination – semichah – in history.Entry into Israel – 10th of Nissan. Battle of Jericho, Rachav & spies. (Biblical Archaeology Review – pottery, grain intact, no looting, burnt, collapsed walls, Egyptian relics) 7 years of conquest, 7 years of settlement. East bank and West bank of Jordan. 31 Canaanite city states. Altar at Gilgal, Blessings & curses on Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Eival. Condition of entry to Israel was acceptance of the Torah..
Middle Bronze Age Interchange Period -(MBI)Canaanite and Phoenician culturedominate Israel
1271
2515
Death of Joshua – Beginning of Period of Judges- Tribes independent – but advised and ruled by Judges.
David becomes King of Israel. Anointed in Hebron and rules from there for 7 years, then moves to Jerusalem. (In 2889 Avner appoints Ish Boshet as king of Israel, who rules for two years)
869
2924
Solomon becomes King of Israel. Author of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs. Peace and prosperity. Concubines- improper conversions, Messianic hope?
837
2928
First Temple started (pomegranate relic, mines, stables) 10 continuous miracles of First Temple, Urim Vetumim – Divine Presence
Rise of Assyrian Empire
832
2964
Division of Israel & Judea Rehovoam son of Solomon. Jeroboam. North-10 Tribes. South.- Judah, Benjamin, Priests & Levites. Elijah & prophets of Baal, Achaz & Jezebel
796
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
3150
Isaiah-prophecies of Messianic times
Homer
610
3199
Hezekiah – Chizkiyahu, becomes king of Judea. Potential Messiah – and considered one of the most righteous of kings.Under Hezekiah the kingdom became imbued with Torah learning
Shalmanazer – King of Assyria conquers Israel. Settles Samaritans in North.
562
3205
Assyrians Exile the 10 Tribes. The (good?!) Samaritans. Theories of lost tribes- probably assimilated. King of Assyria invades Judea, beseiges Jerusalem.
Senacherib – King of Assyria.Beginning of Rome
556
3298
Jeremiah begins his prophecies – predicts the destruction of the Temple.
Confucious
3320
Exile of Judah to Babylon in days of King Yehoyachin.
Rise of Babylon
3338
Babylonians destroy First Temple on the 9th of Av and exile the Jews to Babylon. Some flee to Europe. Walls breached on 7th of Tammuz, sacrifices stopped on 17th of Tammuz.Leave behind a remnant, ruled by Jewish governor, Gedaliah.On 3rd of Tishrei, Gedaliah is assassinated by Jews.
Nebuchadnezar (According to Greek historians – Temple destroyed in 587)
423
3340
Jeremiah, Ezekiel Prophecies of destruction and exile, prophecies of return.
Socrates, Plato
422
3340
Babylonian Exile, Daniel. Aramaic becomes Jewish language. Academies of Torah study. Autonomy of internal affairs.
421
3386
Proclamation of Cyrus, Return to Israel. Minority returns in Nissan – same month as Exodus from Egypt.
Persian Empire
372
3390
Second Temple started
Medean Empire
368
3393
Cambys, Achashverosh stops construction. Feast celebrating “extinction” of Jews. Scroll of Esther. 164 “missing” years.
365
3400
Purim, Mordechai, Ezra the Scribe Renewal of settlement in Israel in the Golan heights, on the West and East banks of the Jordan river. Peaceful conquest
Aristotle
358
3408
Second Temple completed. End of Prophecy. Joy and tears – no Ark, no Urim Vetumim, none of the 10 miracles. 70 years after destruction
Alexander the Great
353
3441
3515
Men of the Great Assembly establish the Liturgy. Shimon Hatzadik, the High Priest, meets Alexander of Macedon – transition – Prophets to sages. Transition changes confrontation, free-will requires equal & opposite Jewish prophets vs. pagans with supernatural powers – challenge Sages of the Oral Law vs. Greek philosophy (intellect vs. intellect) .Septuagint – Torah in Greek – Fast of 9th Tevet
Ptomelaic Empire in Egypt. Seleucids in Syria.
313
246
3648
Maccabean Revolt (Strong into hands of weak!) Decrees, Stadiums, Hellenism. Chanuka. Jew vs. Jew Ptolemies, Seleucids – Antiochus. Maccabees (Priests) become kings, form alliance with Rome against Greeks. Beginnings of sectarianism.
164 -> 168
Jonathan brother of Judah becomes king. In-fighting, intrigues and hatred among Hasomonean kings and family.
Rise of Roman Empire
152
3696
Herod & Pompeii make deal – Israel joins Roman Empire
Rabban Gamliel. Yeshu Hanotzri? Roman Occupation Rome initially makes legal exceptions for Judaism, wants Jews as Roman allies not Seleucid allies. Era of Pairs. Roman taxes, decrees. End of great Sanhedrin.
67
The Great Revolt
Titus
66 -> 73
3828
Romans destroy 2nd Temple – 9th of Av About 2,000,000 killed. Cruelty, Exile, Slavery. Ramban – Ki Tavo Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakai – “Yavneh and its Sages” Prophecies in Deuteronomy 28:42 – Nachmanides commentary
Vespasian
68
3830
Rabbi Akiva, Rabbi Meir (stam Mishnah R. Meir) 24,000 students. 4 into Pardes, Acher.
3833
Masada, the Zealots – Talmudic silence Mikveh
.
73
Josephus Flavius – Wars of the Jews, Antiquities, Contra-Appion.
38 -> 100
3893
Bar Kochba Revolt, Betar – 9th of Av. Rabbis support Bar Kochbah as Messiah until killed by Romans. Bar Kochba letters. Ten martyrs
Hadrian
133
3950
Mishnah, Judah the Prince – Rabenu Hakadosh Scholar, Davidic lineage, righteous, Hebrew, wealth. Universal agreement
Antonius
170 –190
3953
Pescennius Niger – “You ask me to relieve your lands of their taxes; would that I could tax the very air you breathe.”
193
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
4000
2000 years of Messiah
240
4000
Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai – The Zohar
4073
Constantine forbids Jews in Jerusalem. Beginnings of theological anti-Semitism.Main focus of learning in the Jewish communities of Israel and Babylon becomes the Mishnah. Yarchei Kallah – communal study seminars convened regularly.
Constantine – becomes Christian Rome/Byzantium split. Nicean Council decides on Christian dogma
313
4110
Jerusalem Talmud – R. Muna ben Yonah, R.Yosi ben Bun
350
4140
Hillel II – calendar. Theodosius forbids Sanhedrin to assemble, reaction to Julian’s pro-Jewish stance. Calendar adopted at clandestine, & maybe last meeting.
Julian the Apostate
380
4260
Babylonian Talmud – Sof Horaah – End of Instruction
500
4360
Ravina and Rabbi Ashi. Rabanan Sevorai Last time that all Jewish scholars voted and discussed issues, thus equivalent authority of Sanhedrin. Geonic period begins
Beginnings of Islam – Mohammed
600
4384
Jews reject Islam, expulsions from Arabia. Rejection by Jews of Islam turns into hatred of Jews by Moslems
624-628
4397
Arabs invade Israel
637
4392
Emperor Heraclius decrees Jews of Byzantium to be forced into Christianity. 613-661 also in Spain, Gaul & Italy.
632
4471
90% of Jews under Moslems. (Yellow badge) Generally better off under Islam than under Christianity – closer philosophically (monotheism) & genetically. Dhimmis, tolerated minority under Islam vs. persecuted minority under Christians. Judaism is only problematic to Islam, but is an absolute contradiction to Christianity. “Fight those who do not practice the religion of truth from among those to whom the Book has been brought, until they pay the tribute by their hands, and they be reduced low.” Koran – Sura 9:2. Khazars convert to Judaism.
Moslem Arabs invade Spain
711
4527
Anan Ben David – Karaites – threat of schism. Opposition to Oral Law – Fire on Shabbat, cholent, pikuach nefesh
767
4650
Rabbi Saadya Gaon (the Geonate) First systematic work of Jewish philosophy, partially to combat the Karaite challenge to tradition. Letter of Rav Sherira Gaon.
Emperor Charlemagne-800
890
4715
Four captives – decentralization of Torah. Growth of European and Nth. African Torah centers. Rabeinu Gershom – Light of the Exile – decrees against forced divorce, polygamy, reading others’ mail. Decline of Babylonian Academies
955
4773
RIF – Rabbi Isaac Alfasi of Morocco creates first condensation and codification of Jewish Law – R. Zerachiah Halevi writes critique of code.
1013
4800
Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki – RaSHI Commentaries on virtual all classic texts. Concise and deep. Systematic grammar, translations, elucidation of verses based on Midrash.Troyes, Mayence, Worms.
1040
Rabbi Avraham Ibn Ezra – Fight against Karaites using logic & grammar
1092
4856
9th of Av – Start of First Crusade resulting in widespread slaughter of Jewish communities in the Rhineland.
Crusades
1096
4856 4859
Godfrey de Boullion – Leader of a Crusade – “Kill the heretics amongst us before going to Holy Land.”Jerusalem captured by the Crusaders
1096 1099
4895
Maimonides – Rambam, R. Moses ben Maimon -student of the Spanish, Middle Eastern & Nth. African schools. Guide, Code, Book of the Commandments, 13 Principles of Faith, Commentary, Letters, Medical writings. Controversy, criticisms. Life in Egypt. Physician of Egyptian court.
Saladin – leads Moslems in fight against Crusaders.(Patient of Rambam)
1135
4906
Expulsion from parts of Germany. Desecrating “host”, blood libels. Rabenu Yaakov Tam – Baalei HaTosfot – French and German schools.
4906
Second Crusade
1146
4909
Almohades bring Islamic intolerance to Spain fostering the spread of Spanish-Jewish culture outside the borders of Spain particularly in Provence, at the crossroads of Sefarad and Ashkenaz. The Orient and Europe
1149
4910
R. Yehudah Hachasid – Chasidei Ashkenaz. Era of the Pietists of Germany
Battle of Hastings1066
1150 – 1217
4920
Benjamin of Tudela – Travels of Benjamin
1160
4946
Expulsion from France
1186
4949
Third Crusade – Widespread massacres of Jews in England
Richard Lion Heart
1189
4950
R. Yehudah Halevi – Kuzari, poems, Hebrew York massacre
1190
4954
Nachmanides (1194 – 1270) Ramban, Rabbi Moses ben Nachman. Defender of earlier sages (inc. Rambam) against attacks, Alfasi against R. Zerachiah Halevi. Commentaries- Tanach and Talmud, Kabbalah.
Saladin in Jerusalem
1194
4992
Burning of Maimonides’ Guide in Provence (possibly causing – later book-burning by anti – Semitic authorities)
1232
5000
Aliyah of authors of Tosafot after disputation of R. Yechiel of Paris
1240
5002
Burning of Talmud in Paris – 24 cartloads. Fast day
1242
5023
Disputation of Ramban with Pablo Christiani in – Barcelona, 20th July, 1263. Rabbi Meir of Rottenburg (imprisonment) – refuses ransom. Rabenu Yona of Gerona – Gates of Repentance. Rabbi Levi ben Gershon – Astronomer, inventor of Jacob’s Staff Expulsion from England – 9th of Av. Bodlean Library – Oxford – stolen and abandoned Jewish books.
Edward I
1290
5064
Rashba – Cherem on study of philosophy for those under 25 years of age
1305
5065
Expulsion of Jews from most of France
1306
5116
Poisoning & conspiracy libels against Jews during Black Plague. Pogroms & expulsions. The Rashba of Barcelona, Spain. Rabenu Asher, the Rosh, fled from Germany to Toledo, Spain – nexus of Sephardi and Ashkenazi cultures enables son R. Yaakov combines scholarship of both in the Arbah Turim.
Black Plague
1357
5155
Expulsion from Provence – Meiri, Raavad, Radak, Ibn Tibbon
1395
Ibn Tibbons translators- Arabic to Hebrew Expulsion- Austria Continuous insecurity in Europe; discrimination, expulsions e.g. Speyer: Jews out 1405, in 1421, out 1430, in 1434, out 1435, in 1465
1395
5213
Ottoman Turks capture Israel from Moslems creating impetus to Jewish settlement in Israel- although numbers small.
Fall of Byzantium
1453
5235
First printing of Jewish books on printing press
1475
5252
Inquisition culminates with the expulsion from Spain on the 9th Av. Expulsions from Italy and Sicily Don Isaac Abarbanel – commentary on Tanach, advisor to Queen Isabella
Columbus – refuge
1492
5257
Portuguese expulsion, Auto-de-Fe, Marranos.
1497
5280
First printing of Talmud – Daniel Bomberg, Venice. Censorship. Pagination, commentary selection and layout of Bomberg still used today. “Rashi” script used for first time in printing.
Reformation. Luther – “The Jews & Their Lies.” Rejection leading to hatred
1520
5300
Kabbalists of Safed. Ari’Zal (1534-72) Rabbi Chaim VitalR. Shlomo Alkabetz – Lecha Dodi The Alsheich. Aliyah gradually increases.
1540
5325
Code of Jewish Law – Shulchan Aruch – Rabbi Yosef Karo (1488-1575) R. Moses Isserless (1525-1572) Israel – Sephardi Poland – Ashkenazi Universal acceptance, commentaries (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch – Condensed Code – Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried – late 19th Century)
Shakespeare – “Merchant of Venice” – No Jews in England since
1565
5408
Chmielnicki Pogroms – unspeakable cruelty Jews dejected, searching for hope, feeling of immanent Messianic revelation Total Jewish Pop.- 3.5 million Eastern Europe – 1.3 million.100,000 murdered, 300 communities destroyed.
Spanish-Portuguese Jews, Touro – Rhode Island. First Jews in America. Peter Stuyvesent reluctant to admit Jews to New Amsterdam. Baruch Spinoza – forerunner of modern Bible criticism & perhaps unintentionally of modern anti-Semitism, excommunicated in Amsterdam.
1656
5423
Shabtai Tzvi meets Nathan of Gaza “Prophet” – Israel Misuse of Kabbalah. (Similarly Jacob Frank a century later)
1663
5426
S.T. Abolishes 9th of Av, declares march on Jerusalem to capture from Sultan. Imprisoned by Sultan, converts to Islam.
Great Fire -London
1666
5427
R. David Halevi Segal – Taz, dies. 2 sons killed in pogroms, exiled to Moravia. One of the greatest commentaries on Code of Jewish Law together with R. Shabtai Cohen – Shach.
5460
Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov – Chassidism – Galicia, Ukraine, Podolia. The Tzadik, songs, joy, popularization of Kabbalistic teachings, sincerity, fervor, prayer and spontaneity..
Frederick I
1700
5461
Moses Chaim Luzzatto – (RaMCHaL). Systematizing of Kabbalah into logical steps, accessibility to laymen (criticism!). Ethical classics – Path of the Just, The Way of G-d, plays, poetry.
Leibnitz
1701
5473
R.Yehezkel Landau- Responsa Noda Biyehudah- Opposition to Chassidism Opposition to Kabbalistic prayers prior to performance of Mitzvot.
1713-1793
5480
The Gaon(Genius), R. Elijah of Vilna -GRA. Supremacy of Torah study through intellectual efforts of man. Opposition to Chassidism – Excesses due to emphasis on joy and spontaneity, charismatic leadership, popularization of Kabbalah (fear of Shabtai Zvi phenomenon), new customs, changes in liturgy. Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi – Tanya – Chabad -LubavitchR. Chaim of Volozhin – Nefesh Hachaim. Volozhin – “Mother of Yeshivot”
David Hume
1720
5516
Conflict of R. Yaakov Emden and R. Yonason Eybeshutz over accusations of Shabeteanism
1756
5536
Beginnings of liberalization in Western Europe – Some Jews allowed to live outside Ghettos
American Revolution ends. Declaration of Independence
1776
5543
Moses Mendelssohn -“Religion due to Reason” German Biur of Torah. Children assimilate – grandchildren baptized. Pseudo-scientific, racial anti-Semitism. Fully blown in late 19th Century developing ultimately into Nazism in 20th century.
Immanuel Kant Voltaire – “Religion of Reason”
1783
5549
The Emancipation – Emperor Franz-Josef grants citizenship to the Jews, entrance to universities and professions permission to leave ghettoes and enter society.Jacob Frank – false messiah in Poland died 1791
French Revolution
1789
5551
Equal rights for French Jews on condition. Napoleon – “For Jews as Jews nothing, for Jews as Frenchmen everything””Sanhedrin.” Economic, social, intellectual and political pressure to assimilate. Four approaches – 1. Individual assimilation (Baptism, intermarriage) Heinrich Heine- “Baptism is the ticket of entry to European society” 2. Adaptation of Judaism to Zeitgeist (Reform, science of Judaism); S. Holdheim “we say merely this, anything which upon unbiased examination does not conform to the current religious spirit holds for us no authority.” 3. Isolation from emancipation and modernity (Chassidim, Chatam Sofer); 4. Involvement in modern world without compromising of Halachic standards (Rabbi S. R. Hirsch).
NapoleonFrench Constitution
1791
5575
Immigration to Israel, Chassidim & students of GRA – Safed, Tiberias, Hebron, Jerusalem. R. Israel of Shklov – Peat Hashulchan – Code of Jewish Law for Israel
Battle of Waterloo
1815
5578
Reform MovementHamburg Temple – bells, organ, German prayers and sermon
1818
5600
R. Samson Raphael Hirsch – Torah & Derech Eretz. Horeb, 19 Letters. Separate communities. German Kehillah. Jewish Day School. Damascus Blood Libel
1840
5614
R. Israel Salanter – the Mussar movement. Lithuania – Combating cold intellectualism, emphasis on ethics, self-improvement, general reinforcement of inner aspects of Judaism, Mussar, R. Israel Salanter – R. Isaac Blazer, R. Naftali Amsterdam, Alter of Kelm. Different approaches to self-improvement- Greatness of Man or lowliness of Man, self-criticism. Opposition to Mussar by many Yeshivot. e.g. Volozhin – “bitter medicine” only for the sick. Study of Torah provides ethics.
Crimean War
1854
5641
Pogroms in the Ukraine. Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881) Prime Minister Baptized by father. Alexander II killed – by Jewish anarchist May Laws- Backlash
Emigration – USA, England,South Africa
1881
5645
Reform movement has open field in the USA
Pittsburgh Platform
1885
5646
Treif Banquet – Reaction – Jewish Theological Seminary -Solomon Morais – Beginnings of Conservative Movement
Rise of nationalism in Europe and Balkans.
1886
5654
Dreyfus Trial, Theodore Herzl, Max Nordau The Jewish State, conversion. Panama, Vatican Bank. Pales of settlement.
Nicholas II- Russia
1894
5657
1st Zionist Congress, Basle. Agudas Israel founded as political representative of non- or anti-Zionist Orthodox Jews.
1897
5663
Vote on Israel vs. Uganda, Madagascar Sir Moses Montefiore, Rothchilds – Continue tradition of shtadlanim. Mass Immigrations- USA (2 million Jews by 1924) No official anti-Semitism; but no work for Shomrei Shabbos, ignorance, no Jewish education, alternatives to total abandonment exist, difficult to keep kosher – many abandon Orthodoxy for economic reasons. Many came with intent to abandon Judaism. Yiddish newspapers, left-wing e.g. Jewish Daily Forward, socialist and assimilationist. (Judaism unsuitable)Kishinev Pogrom
1903
5664
Conservative Movement – Solomon Schechter
1904
5665
Protocols – Nilus “Kill the Jews & save Russia” Pogroms
1905
5673
Beilis Trial – blood libel. Leo Frank lynched by mob in Georgia, USA, accused of murder.
Bernard Malamud- The Fixer
1913
5674
First World War – Britain declares war on the 9th Av. Jews on both sides. 500,000 Jewish soldiers fought in War.
1st World War
1914
5677
The Balfour Declaration and Chaim Weizman. The Chafetz Chaim and the ethics of speech. Rabbi Chaim Soloveitchik of Brisk – Analysis vs. Pilpul. 3,250,000 Jews in the USA
Demonstration and riots against Czar Nicholas II
1917
5677
Britain Captures Palestine from Turks – General Allenby with assistance of Nili spy network. Jews organize units in Britisharmy. Jabotinsky and TrumpeldorSarah Schnirer starts Jewish school for girls, Beit Yaacov movement begins to grow.
Bolshevik RevolutionLawrence of Arabia
1917
5679
60,000 Jews killed during Russian Revolution. Petlurya in Ukraine establishes independence pogroms begin, thousands of Jews brutally murdered.
Ukrainian independence
1919
5680
British Mandate, the Hagganah & the Irgun White Papers 1939, Aliyah Bet, restraint & revolt. Arabs attack Jewish settlements in Israel, Trumpeldor killed in Tel Chai..M. Kaplan – Reconstructionism
League of Nations
1920
5681
Arab riots in Jaffa, 47 Jews killed. 4 Jews killed defending Petach Tikvah
End of Russian civil war, Communists in power.
1921
5684
Rabbi Meir Shapiro of Lublin begins the Daf Yomi program
1923
5689
120,000 Jews in Israel. 4,000,000 Jews in USAArab riots against Jews in Israel, including pogrom in Hebron in which 67 Jews brutally murdered.Franz Rosenzweig – Assimilated German-Jewish philosopher returns to Judaism after 15 year search.
1929
5696
18 Jews killed in Arab riots in Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, beginning of “Arab Revolt” that claimed the lives of 500 Jews over the next three years.
1936
5698
Kristallnacht pogrom in Germany, incited by Nazis, Jews attacked and killed,, businesses, homes and synagogues ransacked and burnt down. Tens of thousands sent to concentration camps.
United States introduces 5 day work week.
1938
5699
Britain introduces “White Papers” drastically reducing Jewish immigration to Israel. Interns Jewish refugees in Cyprus, and in camps in Israel. Sends many back to Europe.
Second World War begins with German invasion of Poland
1939
5699
The Holocaust – enthusiastic help of local population. Indifference of world – (While Six Million Died, Morse) Jewish spiritual heroism. (With G-d in Hell, Berkovitz)Warsaw Ghetto Revolt
1939
1943
5708
The State of Israel, War of Independence UN vote, partition, Jewish refugees – 600,000! Arabs – 400,000. Renewal of Yeshivot Assimilation and secularization of Sephardi Jewry.
Berlin Blockade
1948
5716
Sinai Campaign, War of Attrition
Russia in Hungary
1956
Fedayeen, hijackings, snipers, Katushyas, bombs
PLO Covenant
1964
5727
Six-Day War, Liberation of Jerusalem on 28th of Iyar. The Western Wall, Hebron in Jewish hands!. Russia breaks ties with Israel. Vatican calls for internationalization of Jerusalem
Vietnam War
1967
5727
The Baal-Teshuva Movement – Return to JudaismRefuseniks. Founding of Yeshivot for beginners
1967
Identity. Ethnic and national awareness. Pride. Ohr Somayach
1971
5733
The Yom-Kippur War. Two day’s ammunition left before US airlift. 2,500 Israeli soldiers killed. More Israeli baalei teshuvah than ’67. Profound demoralization, increased emigration from Israel, lack of idealism amongst secular Zionists grows.
WatergateArab Oil Embargo
1973
5737
Peace treaty with Egypt, Begin and Sadat Ethiopian Jews. Loss of Sinai peninsula. “Cold peace.”
Arabs alienate Egypt
1977
5741
Israel bombs Iraqi nuclear reactor-worldwide condemnation UN resolution condemning attack sponsored by Kuwait!
1981
5742
The Lebanon War. Katushyas, hostages, terrorism . PLO’s state within a state. Siege of Beirut. Diaspora Jews criticize Israel..
1982
5749
Start of Intifada – massive unrest and violent protest by Palestinians – Ultimately leading to Oslo Accords
1987
5750
Mass Immigration of Russian Jews to Israel
Glasnost-Perestroika
1990
5750
Iraqi missiles land in Israel- Population of Israel receives gas masks, seals rooms etc. Israel lauded for “restraint” 9th of Av- Iraq walks out of talks with Kuwait. Iraq invades Kuwait – US troops in Saudi Arabia – UN ultimatum January 15th – USA attacks Iraq 16th – Massive and continuous air bombardments. February 23 – Coalition forces enter Kuwait and Iraq – ground-war. Purim victory
1990
5751
Russian immigration continues. Albanian Jews make Aliyah. Rescue of Ethiopian Jewry..
Abandonment of Kurds. Syria in Lebanon
1991
5753
Signing of the Oslo Accords – Rabin and Arafat
1993
5756
Assassination of Prime Minister Rabin – wave of anti-religious sentiment sweeps country. Elections follow in which right-wing government of Likud under Netanyahu is elected
Amen and Amen … #thankyouHaShem Congratulations! you have made through another Bible Study!
Sounds some Praise and Joy to Our Father who is in Heaven! Glory to the One and Only Living G-D… HaShem!
I pray that everyone, everywhere, repents and returns to the only one who can save HaShem!The True and Only Living G-d!
Receive Torah ….be back in the covenant of G-d. Be at the Har Sinai say yes and be saved…….. the choice is yours.
Amen and Amen
Say it again for the people in the back!
OAmein and OAmein
Blessings after reading the Torah. Boruch atoh ado-noy elo-haynu melech ho-olom, asher nosan lonu toras emes, v’cha-yay olom nota b’sochaynu. Boruch atoh ado-noy , nosayn ha-toroh. Translation: Blessed are You, L-rd our G-D, King of the universe, who has given us the Torah of truth and planted eternal life within us. Blessed are You L-rd, who gives the Torah.
35The eighth day shall be a time of restriction for you; you shall not perform any mundane work.
36You shall offer up a burnt offering, a fire offering for a spirit of satisfaction to the Lord: one bull, one ram, and seven lambs in the first year, [all] unblemished.
37Their meal offerings and their libations, for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed.
38And one young male goat for a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its meal offering and its libation.
39These you shall offer up for the Lord on your festivals, besides your vows and voluntary offerings, for your burnt offerings, for your meal offerings, for your libations, and for your peace offerings.
Bamidbar (Numbers) Chapter 30
1Moses spoke to the children of Israel in accordance with all that the Lord had commanded Moses.
Yehoshua (Joshua) Chapter 1
1And it was after the death of Moses the servant of the Lord, that the Lord said to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses’ minister, saying:
2Moses my servant has died; and now arise cross this Jordan, you and all this nation, to the land which I give the children of Israel.
3Every place on which the soles of your feet will tread I have given to you, as I have spoken to Moses.
4From this desert and Lebanon to the great river, the Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites to the great sea westward shall be your boundary.
5No man shall stand up before you all the days of your life; as I was with Moses, so shall I be with you. I will not weaken My grasp on you nor will I abandon you.
6Be strong and have courage; for you will cause this nation to inherit the land that I have sworn to their ancestors to give to them.
7Just be strong and very courageous to observe and do in accordance with all of the Torah that Moses My servant has commanded you. Do not stray therefrom right or left, in order that you succeed wherever you go.
8This book of the Torah shall not leave your mouth; you shall meditate therein day and night, in order that you observe to do all that is written in it, for then will you succeed in all your ways and then will you prosper.
9Did I not command you, be strong and have courage, do not fear and do not be dismayed, for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go.
10And Joshua commanded the officers of the nation, saying:
11Go through the midst of the camp and command the nation saying: Prepare provision for yourselves, for in another three days you will cross this Jordan to come and inherit the land that the Lord your God is giving you to inherit.
12And to the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh, Joshua said, saying:
13Remember the word that Moses the servant of the Lord commanded you saying: The Lord your God is giving you rest and has given you this land.
14Your wives, your children, and your cattle shall settle in the land that Moses gave you on this side of the Jordan, and you, all the warriors, shall cross over armed before your brothers, and you shall help them.
15Until the Lord gives your brothers rest as He has given you, and they too shall inherit the land that the Lord your God gives them. You will then return to the land of your inheritance which Moses the servant of the Lord gave you on this side of the Jordan towards the rising of the sun, and you will inherit it.
16And they answered Joshua saying: All that you have commanded us we shall do and wherever you send us we shall go.
17Just as we obeyed Moses in everything, so shall we obey you. Only that the Lord your God be with you as He was with Moses.
18Every man that shall rebel against your words and will not listen to your commands in all that you order him shall be put to death. Only be strong and have courage.
Thank you Merciful HaShem, for allowing us to meet this day.(closing comment, Blessings After Reading The Torah, and Priestly Blessing and all sources are hyperlinked.)
note: All sources are hyperlinked to allow more translatable version in POD Cast.
I Pray others got something out of this Portion, Tanakh Bible Study, and Spiritual Torah Teaching.Until next time, let us close with…..
The Priestly Blessing
And HaShem our G-D spoke to Moses, saying: “Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, ‘This is the way you shall bless the children of Israel. Say to them: Yivarechecha Adonai viyishmirecha Ya’erAdonai panav elecha veechuneka Yeesa Adonai panav elecha viyasem lecha shalom “The L-d bless you and keep you; The L-d make His face shine upon you, And be gracious to you; The L-d lift up His countenance upon you, And give you peace.” ’ “So they shall put My name on the children of Israel, and I will bless them.” In HaShem and HaShem’s alone Mighty Glorious Name. Forever and Ever O’Amein and O’Amein.
1. This BLOG post will have the resources and sources links for the Season 6 Bible Studies.
2. All Books used and Readings from during Live Bible Study can be found on Our Website: Marie Speaks GOD’s Grace. Live in the Bible Study Blogs portion of the website.
3. After Live Bible Studies have completed: I will upload to Rumble and Youtube, and post link in this BLOG. How we conduct Bible Studies here:
We believe in One and Only One G-D. HaShem; The G-D of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.We do not and will not Pray in any others name or Praise any other, but HaShem.
Exodus chapter 20: 2-14.God spoke all these words, saying:I the LORD am your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, the house of bondage:You shall have no other gods besides Me.You shall not make for yourself a sculptured image, or any likeness of what is in the heavens above, or on the earth below, or in the waters under the earth.You shall not bow down to them or serve them. For I the LORD your God am an impassioned God, visiting the guilt of the parents upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generations of those who reject Me, but showing kindness to the thousandth generation of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
We believe G-D has called each of us to search matters out. (It is the glory of God to conceal a matter, And the glory of a king to plumb a matter.Like the heavens in their height, like the earth in its depth, Is the mind of kings—unfathomable. Proverbs 25:2 -3)
This is one reason why here at Marie Speaks G-D’s Grace Bible Study, we review several historical references and resources, of which we provide links and or screen shots for others to study at their leisure.We have been directed by G-D Wonderful and Almighty, to go Book by Book, Verse by Verse; sharing HIS Torah and Tanakh.We believe as directed by G-D Our Heavenly Father, learning and growing in Torah and Tanakh leads to understanding and wisdom; this shall only be achieved in reading, studying, and sharing HIS Word for ourselves; not relying on man.
Learning, growing, and studying with OUR L-D is to be done with others that are like minded, but more so during our personal time.
The BLOGs are written to assist those just beginning to study the BIBLE as a starting point. The Live or recorded Bible Studies are to cover and release opportunities and guidance, but ultimately is ones own personal responsibility to rule, govern, and be purposeful in their relationship with G-D.
Proverbs 22: 4 thru 6The effect of humility is fear of the LORD, Wealth, honor, and life.Thorns and snares are in the path of the crooked; He who values his life will keep far from them.Train a lad in the way he ought to go; He will not swerve from it even in old age.
Ezekiel 18: 20 thru 22The person who sins, he alone shall die. A child shall not share the burden of a parent’s guilt, nor shall a parent share the burden of a child’s guilt; the righteousness of the righteous shall be accounted to him alone, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be accounted to him alone.Moreover, if the wicked one repents of all the sins that he committed and keeps all My laws and does what is just and right, he shall live; he shall not die.None of the transgressions he committed shall be remembered against him; because of the righteousness he has practiced, he shall live. Is it my desire that a wicked person shall die?—says the L-d G-D. It is rather that he shall turn back from his ways and live.
May HaShem, Blessed be He, continue to Bless us all and may we all be forever written in the Book of Life. O’Amein and O’AmeinA little about me: I love HaShem, TORAH, and Tanakh!!!!! I am not perfect!!!!
If we meet: We talking about Torah, drinking tea or coffee, and what books are out about HaShem! And maybe over some kosher pizza… maybe over some kosher steak…make over super sweet kosher cake ……. have a fun laugh about you guess it… Torah! Or on a bike, or during a hike, or while riding on a train in the rain as the rain falls nicely on the plain in Spain….., but either way…..We’ll be talking about TORAH!!!!
What is import to me:……..A relationship with Our Father HaShem, Our Merciful Creator, Savior, and Wise King. Live in Torah, live with Family and community of Tribe.
My thoughts: We may not be perfect, but we study, we learn, we laugh, & we grow; we try try and have the courage to try again.
My goals: To learn, and grow, and share Love of Torah in HaShem with others who are willing or open to hearing. HaShem is my refuge, my strength, my confidant, and my true resting place.I have been using the minds.com account and Rumble (Live Bible Study video Post: Rumble )as main accounts.
Lastly, NEVER LOSE FAITH, Hope, and have Courage!!!!Let’s continue to Fear and Love HaShem like a משיח and Pray.
PRAY FOR OUR NATION, enemies, fellows, and many lost Sons and Daughters of Torah to return to HaShem, Blessed be He, for ever and ever Amen. HaShem is with me … I shall not be afraid!!!!!
Under the fair use doctrine of the U.S. copyright statute, it is permissible to use limited portions of a work including quotes, for purposes such as commentary, criticism, news reporting, and scholarly reports.There are no legal rules permitting the use of a specific number of words, a certain number of musical notes, or percentage of a work.
Welcome the following is a brief review of this Bible Study.
1. This BLOG post will have the resources and sources links for the Season 5 Bible Studies .
2. All Books used and Readings from during Live Bible Study can be found on Our
Website: Marie Speaks GOD’s Grace. Live in the Season 5 portion of the website.
3. After Live Bible Studies have completed: I will upload to Rumble, and post link in this BLOG.
How we conduct Bible Studies here:
We believe G-D has called each of us to search matters out.
(It is the glory of God to conceal a matter,
And the glory of a king to plumb a matter.
Like the heavens in their height, like the earth in its depth,
Is the mind of kings—unfathomable.. Proverbs 25:2 -3)
This is one reason why here at Marie Speaks G-D’s Grace Bible Study, we review several historical references and resources, of which we provide links and or screen shots for others to study at their leisure.
We have been directed by G-D Wonderful and Almighty, to go Book by Book, Verse by Verse; sharing HIS Torah and Tanakh.
We believe as directed by G-D Our Heavenly Father, learning and growing in Torah and Tanakh leads to understanding and wisdom; this shall only be achieved in reading, studying, and sharing HIS Word for ourselves; not relying on man.
Learning, growing, and studying with OUR L-D is to be done with others that are like minded, but more so during our personal time.
The BLOGs are written to assist those just beginning to study the BIBLE as a starting point. The Live or recorded Bible Studies are to cover and release opportunities and guidance, but ultimately is ones own personal responsibility to rule, govern, and be purposeful in their relationship with G-D.
Proverbs 22: 4 thru 6
The effect of humility is fear of the LORD,
Wealth, honor, and life.
Thorns and snares are in the path of the crooked;
He who values his life will keep far from them.
Train a lad in the way he ought to go;
He will not swerve from it even in old age.
Ezekiel 18:20thru 22
The person who sins, he alone shall die. A child shall not share the burden of a parent’s guilt, nor shall a parent share the burden of a child’s guilt; the righteousness of the righteous shall be accounted to him alone, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be accounted to him alone.
Moreover, if the wicked one repents of all the sins that he committed and keeps all My laws and does what is just and right, he shall live; he shall not die.
None of the transgressions he committed shall be remembered against him; because of the righteousness he has practiced, he shall live.
Is it my desire that a wicked person shall die?—says the L-d G-D. It is rather that he shall turn back from his ways and live.
May HaShem, Blessed be He continue to Bless us all and may we all be forever written in the
Book of Life.
O'Amein and O'Amein
Let US Begin!!!!
https://www.minds.com/MarieSpeaksatParadeRest
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